黄土高原数字地形分析研究进展

Progress of Digital Terrain Analysis in the Loess Plateau of China

黄土高原数字地形分析以我国黄土高原为研究对象,基于该区域不同尺度DEM数据提取各类坡面地形因子及特征地形要素,并通过对各种地形因子和特征要素的自身特点、空间分异规律及各因子与要素之间的相互关系建立地学统计模型,从更深层次探讨黄土地貌演化及其空间分异规律,深化对黄土高原的认识。该文总结了黄土高原数字地形分析的基本理论与分析方法,从该区域的DEM数据模型、地形特征要素、地形信息图谱、地形纹理、沟壑信息图谱和地貌发育演化机理等方面对黄土高原数字地形分析的研究成果进行较全面地梳理与分析。可以看出,黄土高原数字地形分析已成为数字地形分析领域独具特色的研究方向,其中很多方法均已成为地貌计量学的重要研究手段。

The L oess Plateau of China has been regarded as one of the most unique and valuable geographical study areas in the world.The quantitative expression and analysis of loess top^igraphy and the process based loess landform evolution modelling are the basic research contents for this specific plateau.The research of Digital Terrain Analysis(DTA)for the plateau takes this specific area as the key research object,and tries to extract different kinds of topographical slope derivatives and topograph-ical features based on different scales of Digital Elevation Models(DEMs).Then,the geographical model could be established through the intei-analysis of the own characteristics of different topographical derivatives and features,and also their spatial dis-tribution patterns.This established model could help to deepen the understanding of the evolution of loess landform and its spa-tial v ariat ion pat tern.In this paper,the basic theory and analysis method of DTA in the Loess Plateau have been summarized first.And then,the resmrch achievements of DT A in the Loess Plateau have been comprehensively sorted and analyzed.These achievements contain DEM data model of the Loess Plateau,topographical feature factors,terrain information TUPU,terrain texture,gully information TU PU,and the developmental mechanism of geomorphology.It can be seen t hat the research of DTA in the Loess Plateau has become a unique research direction in which many methods have become the important research aspects in the field of geomorphometry.