基于物元法的船舶夜航光环境评价

Light Environment Evaluation of Ships Navigation at Night Based on Matter Element Method

为了科学、合理地评价船舶夜航光环境质量,更好地治理海上光污染、保障船舶夜航安全。通过文献分析并结合专家访谈结果,筛选出相应的评价指标,引入李克特量表法构建船舶夜航光环境评价量表,采用物元综合评价法对船舶夜航光环境进行客观评价,即在确定船舶夜航光环境经典域和节域的基础上,根据待评光环境中评价指标的具体数值,计算对应评价区间的关联度大小以确定海上光污染等级。然后,选取杭州湾跨海大桥水域进行实例评价,得出主航道桥区水域光污染等级为Ⅲ,海中平台水域光污染等级为Ⅲ,南、北引桥水域光污染等级为Ⅱ。本文建立的船舶夜航光环境评价体系,不仅适用于跨海大桥水域,还可广泛应用于港口、航道等其他水域的光环境评价。

To the purpose of scientifically and rationally evaluating the light environment quality of the ships navigation at night is to control the light pollution at sea and ensure the safety of the ships navigation at night.Through the literature analysis and expert advices,the corresponding evaluation indexes were screened out.The Likert scale and Matter Element method was used to evaluate the light environment of the ships navigation at night objectively,based on the classical and regional domains of the light environment,the correlation grade of the corresponding evaluation interval was calculated according to the specific value of the evaluation index in the light environment to determine the pollution level of the sea.Then,the Hangzhou Bay Bridge is selected as the example,whose light pollution level of the main channel bridge is III,and the pollution level of the sea platform is III,and the light pollution level in the south and north bridge is II.The light environment of ships navigation at night evaluation system not only applies to the waters of cross-sea bridge,but also can widely be used in port,waterway and other waters of the light environment evaluation.