延续护理对高血压患者血压、体质指数的影响

Influence of Extended Care on Blood Pressure and Constitutional Indexs of the Patients with Hypertension

目的:探讨延续护理对原发性高血压患者的血压及体质指数的影响。方法:将高血压病患者300例随机分为干预组和对照组各150例,干预组患者出院后由护士定期电话随访,随访内容包括遵医嘱用药、饮食习惯、运动方式、高血压知识宣传及心理辅导几方面,前6个月每周1次,后6个月2周1次,随访时间为12个月,并建立高血压患者护理随访记录档案。对照组不实施延续护理干预,2组患者均在1年后住院时检测血压及体质指数等指标。结果:1)与出院前比较,干预组患者入院后体质指数显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),血压值(收缩压和舒张压)下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组患者入院后体质指数增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),血压值(收缩压和舒张压)增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。2)与对照组比较,干预组体质指数和血压值(收缩压和舒张压)下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:延续护理能增强高血压患者对高血压病的认知程度并有效通过生活、运动、饮食及心理等方面的干预有效控制疾病复发。

Objective:To discuss the influence of extended care on blood pressure and constitutional index of the patients with primary hypertension.Methods:All300patients were randomly allocated to the intervention group and the control group,150cases each group from hospital,the patients in the intervention group accepted the nurse's regularfollow-up by phone after they were discharged from hospital,and the follow-up contents contained:medication by following the doctor's advice,dietary habit,exercise mode,hypertension knowledge publicity and psychological service,once each week in the first six month,and once every two weeks in the second six month,the follow-up time was12months,nursing follow-up record file of hypertension patients was established.The control group left unhandled,blood pressure and constitutional indexes of the patients in both groups were recorded when they were hospitalized in one year.Results:1)compared with before discharging,constitutional index of the patients in the intervention group decreased after they were hospitalized,and the difference had statistical meaning(P<0.01),the difference presented statistical meaning in the comparisons of the decrease of blood pressure indexes(systolic pressure and diastolic pressure)(P<0.05);constitutional index of the patients in the control group raised after they were hospitalized,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01),blood pressure indexes(systolic pressure and diastolic pressure)lifted,and the difference had statistical meaning(P<0.001).2)Compared with the control group,constitutional index and blood pressure indexes of the intervention group lowered,and the difference showed statistical meaning(P<0.01).Conclusion:Extended care could enhance the patients's cognition to hypertension,effectively intervene the aspects of life,exercise,diet and psychology,therefore to control the relapse.