锦州市老年人医养结合机构养老意愿及其影响因素分析

Analysis of the Willingness of Elderly People in Jingzhou City to Choose Medical-nurse Combined Care Institutions and of Associated Influencing Factors

目的调查锦州市老年人医养结合机构养老意愿及其影响因素。方法 2017年3—6月,采用便利抽样法在锦州市抽取符合纳入标准的老年人450名作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、日常生活能力(ADL)评定量表(以评定失能程度)、养老意愿调查表进行问卷调查。分析影响老年人医养结合机构养老意愿的因素,以及老年人选择医养结合机构类型的因素。结果共发放调查问卷450份,回收有效问卷428份,有效回收率95.1%。168名(39.2%)老年人不愿意选择医养结合机构养老,260名(60.8%)老年人愿意选择医养结合机构养老。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、配偶情况、文化程度、月收入、慢性病种数、子女数量、就医方便度、医养结合认知度、失能程度是老年人愿意选择医养结合机构养老的影响因素(P<0.05)。260名有意愿选择医养结合机构养老的老年人中,127名(48.8%)选择医疗机构内设养老机构,81名(31.2%)选择养老机构内设医疗机构,52名(20.0%)选择医疗机构与养老机构合作。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,月收入、慢性病种数、就医方便度是有意愿选择医养结合机构养老的老年人再次选择其中的医疗机构内设养老机构的影响因素(P<0.05);月收入、慢性病种数、就医方便度是有意愿选择医养结合机构养老的老年人再次选择其中的养老机构内设医疗机构的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论锦州市老年人中,60.0%以上愿意选择医养结合机构养老,影响其选择的因素较多。在愿意选择医养结合机构养老的老年人中,近半数愿意选择医疗机构内设养老机构的形式,且月收入、慢性病种数、就医方便度是其选择的影响因素。

Objective To investigate the willingness of elderly people in Jingzhou City to choose medical-nurse combined care institutions and of the associated influencing factors.Methods A total of 450 elderly people who met the inclusion criteria in Jingzhou City were selected through a convenience sampling method between March 2017 and June 2017.The following questionnaire surveys were used:general information questionnaire,activities of daily living(ADL)rating scale(assessing disability degree)and willingness questionnaire of elderly care.The willingness of the participants to choose medical-nurse combined institutions as well as the types of institutions and the associated influencing factors were analyzed.Results A total of 450 questionnaires were distributed,and 428 valid questionnaires were returned,with a valid recovery rate of 95.1%.There were 168(39.2%)respondents who were unwilling to choose medical-nurse combined institutions,where as 260(60.8%)respondents showed a willingness to choose such institutions.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the willingness of the elderly people to choose medical-nurse combined care included age,having a spouse,educational level,monthly income,number of chronic diseases,number of offspring,convenience of seeking medical institutions,81(31.2%)preferred institutions with medical units established within nursing institutions,and 52(20.0%)preferred medical-nurse cooperative institutions.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that monthly income,number of chronic diseases and convenience of seeking medical helpwere the factors affecting the choice of nursing units established within medical institutions by elderly people willing to choose medical-nurse combined institutions(P<0.05).The three factors also affected the elderly people's choice of another mode in which medical units were established within nurse institutions(P<0.05).Conclusion Among elderly people in Jingzhou City,more than 60.0%were willing to choose medical-nurse combined institutions.Many factors affectedtheir willingness.Nearly half of the elderly people who chose medical-nurse combined institutions preferred nursing units established within medical institutions.Monthly income,number of chronic diseases andconvenience of seeking medical help were the influencing factors.