黄河三角洲盐碱地棉花种植的生态价值评估

Evaluation of the Ecological Value of Cotton Planting in the Saline Alkali Land of the Yellow River Delta

黄河三角洲地区因存在大量盐碱地而具有特殊性,棉花作为盐碱地的先锋作物,利用其自身的耐盐耐碱性,在盐碱地种植棉花,既可以带来经济效益,又会带来可观的生态效益。本文运用影子工程法、机会成本法、市场价值法等对黄河三角洲盐碱地棉花种植的生态价值进行评估。结果表明,黄河三角洲棉田每年保持土壤肥力的价值为1923×104元,维持养分循环功能的价值是1026×104元,固氮释氧总价值是47000×104元,净化大气价值为816×104元,改良盐碱地生态价值是31×108元,维持生物多样性价值是10800×104元,总计37.2×108元。其中,改良盐碱地所产生的生态价值最大,约占总价值的83%。盐碱地种植棉花所产生的巨大生态经济价值,值得人们重视并加以利用。

The Yellow River Delta area has particularity due to the existence of a large number of saline alkali land. Cotton,a pioneer crop in saline alkali soil,will not only bring economic benefits,but also has considerable ecological benefits by using its own salt and alkali tolerance and planting cotton in saline alkali soil. This paper uses the market value method,opportunity cost method and shadow engineering method to evaluate the ecological value of cotton planting in the Yellow River Delta. The results show that the Yellow River Delta cotton each year to maintain soil fertility value is 1923 x 104 yuan,to maintain the nutrient cycling function value is 1026 x 104 yuan,the total value of nitrogen oxygen release is 47000 x104 yuan,the value of clean air is 816 x 104 yuan,saline land ecological value is31 x 108 yuan,to maintain the biological diversity value is 10800 x 104 yuan,a total of 37. 2 x 108 yuan. Among them,the ecological value produced by the modified saline-alkali land is the largest,accounting for about83% of the total value. The great ecological and economic value produced by planting cotton in saline alkali land is worth of attention and utilization.