分析预防接种不良反应原因与应对策略

Analysis of Causes and Countermeasures of Adverse Reactions of Vaccination

目的探究预防接种的不良反应原因,同时总结应对策略。方法针对1 550名预防接种者进行分析,统计其中出现不良反应的例数,并针对其原因进行分析后总结应对策略。该次研究进行时间为2015年3月—2017年1月间。观察儿童的临床情况,同时统计其不良反应发生的比例。对不良反应发生的因素进行分析,并统计不同因素引起不良反应的比例。结果该次共计纳入研究的1 550例疫苗注射儿童,有40例出现不良反应,其不良反应发生率为2.58%。40名不良反应中一般反应占比为28名(70.0%),异常反应为10名(25.0%),偶合反应为2名(5.0%)。不良反应发生的影响因素包括环境因素、疫苗因素、患者体质、接种时间、接种过程等。结论分析预防接种不良反应原因与应对策略可见,不良反应的影响因素包括患者因素、疫苗因素和环境因素等,因此对于该类原因的对策则为严格按照临床相关规范实施操作,确保各个环境的准确实施,保证预防接种的效果得以体现。

Objective To study the causes of adverse reactions of vaccination and summarize the countermeasures.Methods 1 550 cases of vaccination people were analyzed and the adverse reaction cases were counted and the countermeasures were summarized after the causes were analyzed and the research time was between March 2015 to January 2017,and the clinical situation of children was observed and the occurrence ratio of adverse reaction was also counted,and the occurrence factors of adverse reactions were analyzed and the ratio of adverse reactions caused by different factors were counted.Results Of 1 550 cases of vaccination children in the study,there were 40 cases with adverse reactions,the incidence rate of adverse reactions was 2.58%.Of 40 cases with adverse reactions,the ratios of general reactions,abnormal reactions and coupled reactions were respectively 28(70.0%),10(25.0%)and 2(5.0%).The influence factors of adverse reactions included the environmental factor,vaccine factor,constitution factor,vaccination time and course.Conclusion The analysis of vaccination adverse reactions causes and countermeasures showed that the influence factors of adverse reactions include the patient factor,vaccine factor and environmental factor,therefore,we should conduct our operations strictly according to the clinical related norms,ensure the accurate implementation of various environments and ensure the vaccination effect.