直压式汽油机取土器的研制

Development of direct pressure gasoline engine sampler

为满足农学,资源及环境等学科对土样的集中获取需求,研制了一种以汽油机为动力,直压式进入土壤的机动取土器。阐述了汽油机取土器的主要组成和工作原理,对其核心部件取土杆、动力头分别进行了理论分析和结构设计。取土器工作时的阻力主要有端面阻力、外环摩擦力和内环摩擦力,给出了3种摩擦力的计算公式,并且以100 mm直径取土器为例计算出了其工作阻力。根据取土器的工作阻力和机械传动效率计算出了汽油机所需功率,根据市场提供的汽油机种类进行了选型。为验证所设计汽油机取土器的使用效果,进行了取土器的性能试验测试,测试结果表明:采集土样效果良好,取土效率是同类型手动取土器的2倍以上。

In order to meet the needs of agronomy,resource and environment and other disciplines for the centralized acquisition of soil samples,a motor soil sampler powered by gasoline engines was developed.This paper expounds the main structure and working principle of the soil sampler,and gives a theoretical analysis and structural design of sampling pole and power head respectively.Three formulas are given to calculate the work resistance of the soil sampler,which mainly includes the end face resistance,the outer wall friction and the inner wall friction,and calculates the working resistance by taking the 100 mm diameter soil sampler as an example.According to the working resistance and mechanical transmission efficiency of the sampler,the power required by the gasoline engine is calculated,and the type of gasoline engine is chosen according to the market conditions.In order to verify the use effect of designed gasoline engine sampler,the performance test were carried out.The test results show that the soil sampler can obtain better soil samples,and the efficiency of soil sampling is more than 2 times that of the same type of manual soil sampler.