官民商协作与社会企业可持续发展——来自中国香港的经验及启示

G-C-B Cooperation and the Sustainable Development of Social Enterprises:The Evidence from HKSAR and Its Implication

以中国香港地区为案例,探讨政府、民间和商界之间的跨界合作如何能够创造一个有利于社会企业可持续成长的制度环境。研究发现,官民商之间构建了复杂的协作策略来共同驱动社会企业发展,包括为初创社企提供种子基金,市场推广与公众教育,社企运营支持与培训,以及行业引领与发展。这些多样化的策略组合能够有效破解社会企业作为新型组织形态的合法性困境,构建开放连通的社会创新资源平台,并为社企提升商业运作能力提供解决方案,从而为社会企业茁壮成长创造了一片肥沃的制度"土壤"。研究认为,不应割裂和过度强调某一情境因素对社会企业可持续性的作用,而应充分考察跨界行动者之间的多重协作网络及由此而形成的整体影响,中国香港地区官民商协作推进社企发展的模式值得内地借鉴。

This paper takes the Hong Kong Special Administration Region(HKSAR)as a typical case to explore how cooperation among government,civil society,and the business sector can create a favorable institutional environm ent for the sustainable growth of social en terp rises.H K SA R’sgovern m ent,civil so ciety,and business sector have adoptedcooperativestrategies to advance the developm ent of social enterprises,including:providing seed funds to new social enterprises,market promotion,public education,operation support and training courses for social enterprises,as well as leading the social en terprise industry as a whole.These multiple com bined strategies have effectivelyhave m ade social enterprises more leg itim ate,built an opened and connected resources platform for social in n o v atio n,provided integrated solutions for social enterprises to en h an ce business operation capability,and eventually created fertile institutional“so il”for the thriving growth of social en terp rises.T his p ap er argues thatw e should not separate and overem phasize the ind ep en d en t im pact of som e contextual facto rs,but instead thoroughly probe the relations am ong cross-sector actors and their integrated effect on social en terp rises.M ainland China can learn m eaningful lessons from HKSAR’s G-C-B cooperation m odel to b etter prom ote its own developm ent of social enterprises.