民俗书写的权力与权力实践

Power and Power Practice in Folklore Writing

长期以来,民俗学者一直在从事单向度的民俗书写,忽视了当地人参与民俗书写的可能性和必要性,并且视之为理所当然,对此等状况缺乏应有的反思。正规的学科训练和所拥有的理论素养,给予了民俗学者的话语霸权和独白式书写的合法性,而民间和上层两种知识体系的二元对立,成为书写权力结构构筑的基础。民俗之"民"既是俗的主体,也应该是民俗书写的主体。书写权力回归民间,搭建民主、平等、公正的民俗书写平台,出产交流的、对话的、共享的民俗志,是推动民俗学学科步入新时代的革命性举措。

For a long time,folklorists have been engaged in a one-way writing of folklore and have ignored the possibility and necessity of the participation of local people in folklore writing,They have taken such practice for granted and failed to give the situation due consideration.Normal discipline training and theoretical competence have endowed folklorists with discourse hegemony and legitimacy of monologue-like one-way writing of folklore.The binary opposition of two knowledge systems between the top level and the grass-roots level has become the foundation for construction of the power structure of folklore writing.As the word‘folklore’itself indicates,‘folk’,as the main participants of local customs,should also be the main writers in folklore writing.It will be a revolutionary move to bring folklore into a new era by returning the power of folklore writing to the‘folk’and providing a democratic,equal and fair stage for folklore writing in order to produce communicative,dialogic and shared ethnography.