长春市不同功能区土壤重金属污染风险评价

Ecological Risk Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in Different Function Areas in Changchun

为了解长春市城市土壤重金属污染状况,将长春市区土壤按不同功能区划分,分析土壤中7种重金属含量,并采用地累积指数法(I_(geo))、内梅罗综合污染指数法(P_n)和潜在生态风险指数法(RI)评价其污染程度。结果表明,长春市土壤重金属除Mn以外,Cu、Zn、Ni、Pb、Cd和Cr含量均超过吉林省土壤背景值。地累积指数评价结果表明Cd为长春市土壤污染的主要因子,在交通区呈偏中度污染,其他区域为轻度污染;Cu、Pb、Zn在各区呈轻污染或无污染状态; Mn、Ni和Cr在各区均为无污染。内梅罗指数表明,交通区和工业区呈中度污染,科教区、居民区和绿地区均呈轻污染。潜在生态危害指数显示5个功能区均处于轻微生态危机等级。总体而言,长春市土壤重金属污染风险较小。

In order to understand the pollution status of soil heavy metal in different function areas in Changchun,the concentrations of 7 kinds of heavy metals in the surface soil are analyzed,in which the geoaccumulation index,the Nemerow index and the potential ecological risk index are applied to estimate polluion levels.The results show that concentrations of heavy metals such as Cu,Zn,Ni,Pb,Cd and Cr exceed the background value of soil in Jilin except Mn.The geoaccumulation index shows that Cd is the main pollution factor in soil of Changchun,while its concentration is in middle level in traffic area and light in others.The geoaccumulation index also shows that theconcentrations of Cu,Pb and Zn are in light level or pollution-free in five areas,while the concentrations of Mn,Ni and Cr are pollution-free in every areas.The Nemerow index indicate that the traffic and industrial areas are moderately polluted,and the science and education,residential and green areas are lightly polluted.The potential ecological risk index show that the five functional areas are at a mild ecological crisis level.In general,the risk of heavy metals pollution in Changchun is small.