大别山低山丘陵不同植被类型水土保持效益研究

Effects of Different Vegetation Types on Soil and Water Conservation in Hilly Area of Dabie Mountain

选择低山丘陵区杉木林、毛竹林和茶园等植被类型为研究对象,并以荒坡地作为对照,研究不同植被类型水土保持效益,结果表明:各植被类型土壤容重表现为荒坡地>茶园>杉木林>毛竹林;土壤总孔隙度变化规律与土壤容重相反;0～40 cm层土壤饱和蓄水量表现为毛竹林(161.78 mm)>杉木林(155.14 mm)>茶园(121.24 mm)>荒坡地(115.98 mm)。与荒坡地相比,林地及茶园可减少地表径流量达34.5%～49.7%,降低泥沙流失量达51.2%～78.6%。增加植被覆盖对水土流失具有很好的治理效果。

In order to study the water and soil conservation benefits of different vegetation in hilly area,we chose the Cunninghamia lanceolata forest,Phyllostachys heterocycla forest and tea plantation as the research objects,and the sloping wasteland as control.The results showed that:The soil density under different vegetations showed sloping wasteland>tea plantation>Cunninghamia lanceolata forest>Phyllostachys heterocycla forest,and the variation of soil total porosity was just contrary to that of soil density.The soil total capacity in 0~40 cm layer showed Phyllostachys heterocycla forest(161.78 mm)>Cunninghamia lanceolata forest(155.14 mm)>tea plantation(121.24 mm)>sloping wasteland(115.98 mm).Compared with sloping wasteland,forestland and tea plantation could reduce soil surface runoff from 34.5%to 49.7%and decrease soil loss from 51.2%to 78.6%.In a word,increasing vegetation coverage had a good effect to control soil erosion.