实习前课外活动对高职护理学生应激与学习倦怠的影响

The effects of extracurricular activities on the stress and learning burnout of nursing students before internship in polytechnic

目的调查高职护理专业学生实习前负性应激和学习倦怠的发生率,并评估课外活动对应激和学习倦怠的影响。方法调查对象为护理专业1年级、2年级共1342名学生,使用一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)评估应激,使用Maslach学习倦怠指数量表-学生调查(MBI-SS)评估学生学习倦怠程度。分析学生参与课外活动情况与负性应激和学习倦怠的关系。结果护理专业实习前学生中存在负性应激比例为42.78%,学习倦怠比例为77.13%。Logistics回归分析显示:女性为高情绪耗竭(OR=5.09,95%CI1.31～14.08),高学习倦怠(OR=3.62,95%CI1.21～9.23)和负性应激(OR=2.37,95%CI1.17～6.24)独立相关因素;1年级为高学习倦怠(OR=2.79,95%CI1.15～7.01)和负性应激(OR=5.78,95%CI2.02～11.3)独立相关因素;走读(OR=0.37,95%CI0.19～0.84)和参与社交活动(OR=0.29,95%CI0.13～0.79)为低学习效能独立相关因素;无音乐爱好为高学习倦怠(OR=0.23,95%CI0.11～0.84)独立相关因素。结论高职护理学生中负性应激和学习倦怠比例较高,需要干预。适当地改变学习环境和参加课外活动有利于改善实习前护理学生的心理健康。

Objective To investigate the incidence of negative stress and learning burnout among nursing students before the internship in polytechnic and evaluate effects of extracurricular activities on stress and learning burnout. Methods A total of 1342 nursing students from grade 1 and grade 2 were selected as study subjects.A general health questionnaire(GHQ-12)was used to evaluate stress,and a Maslach burnout index-student survey(MBI-SS)was used to evaluate students’learning burnout.The relationship between students’participation in extracurricular activities and negative stress and learning burnout was investigated. Results Before the internship,42.80%of nursing students had negative stress and 77.10%had learning burnout.Logistic regression analysis result showed that female was an independent related factor for high emotional exhaustion(OR=5.09,95%CI 1.31~14.08),high learning burnout(OR=3.62,95%CI 1.21~9.23)and negative stress(OR=2.37,95%CI 1.17~6.24);grade 1 was an independent factor for high learning burnout(OR=2.79,95%CI 1.15~7.01)and negative stress(OR=5.78,95%CI 2.02~11.3);nonresident(OR=0.37,95%CI 0.19~0.84)and participation in social activities(OR=0.29,95%CI 0.13~0.79)were independent factors for low learning efficacy;no music hobby was an independent factor for high learning burnout(OR=0.23,95%CI 0.11~0.84). Conclusion The higher proportion of negative stress and learning burnout among nursing students in polytechnic needs intervention.The mental health of nursing students before the internship can be improved by changing the learning conditions appropiately and participating in extracurricular activities.