氟代聚丙烯酸酯乳液的制备及影响因素研究

Preparation of fluorinated polyacrylate emulsion and study on the influencing factors

在引发剂过硫酸钾(KPS)作用下,采用阴离子型对全氟壬烯氧基苯磺酸钠(OBS)、阴离子型脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠(AES)和非离子型脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO)复配作为乳化剂,以甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯(FA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯(MA)和丙烯酸羟丙酯(HA)为单体共聚制备了侧链带有自交联羟基的阳离子型氟代聚丙烯酸酯乳液(PFA)。用红外光谱仪确认目标产物合成成功。考察了乳化剂和引发剂用量对乳液性能的影响,得到最优条件为:OBS用量为1.0%(相对于单体总质量,后同),m(AES)∶m(AEO)=2∶1,乳化剂总用量为4.0%,KPS用量为2.0%。此时所制乳液(PFA1)的固含量为25.5%,稳定性好,Zeta电位为+21.16 m V。用透射电镜观察到该乳液的胶粒呈规则的圆球状,平均粒径约为108 nm,其固化膜的水接触角达93.0°。将所制乳液用来整理棉布可以显著提高其拒水拒油性能。

A cationic fluorinated polyacrylate(PFA)emulsion with self-crosslinkable hydroxyl groups on the side chains was synthesized by copolymerization of dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate(FA),butyl acrylate(BA),2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate(MA),and 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate(HA),using the combination of anionic sodium p-perfluorononenoxy benzenesulfonate(OBS),anionic sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate(AES),and nonionic fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether(AEO)as emulsifier and in the presence of potassium persulfate(KPS)as an initiator.It was proved by infrared spectroscopy that the desired product was synthesized successfully.The effects of emulsifier and initiator contents on properties of the emulsion were discussed,and the optimal conditions were determined as follows:OBS 1.0%(with respect to the total mass of the monomers),emulsifier 4.0%(ditto),KPS 2.0%(ditto),and AES-to-AEO mass ratio 2:1.The emulsion prepared thereby(coded as PFA1)had a solid content of 25.5%,a good stability,and a Zeta potential of+21.16 mV.Its particles had a regular spherical shape,and were averagely ca.108 nm in diameter as shown in the transmission electron micrograph.The water contact angle of its cured film was 93.0°.The water and oil repellency of the cotton cloth were greatly improved after being treated by the emulsion presented.