中国重要农业文化遗产申报中的问题与建议

Problems and Suggestions in the Application of Important Agricultural Cultural Heritage in China

中国是农业古国,在上万年的农耕历史中,创造了丰富的农耕文化,是中华优秀文化的重要组成部分。在联合国粮农组织全球重要农业文化遗产计划的影响下,中国农业农村部于2012年启动了中国重要农业文化遗产发掘与保护工作,并陆续发布4批91个项目。由于以活态性、复合性、多功能性等为主要特点的农业文化遗产是一全新概念,开展时间不长,使得一些地方管理部门和技术支撑单位在申报时往往因理解不够深入,导致申报材料编写不规范或内容过于简单,甚至出现申报内容偏离农业文化遗产主体的情况,影响了申报的成功率。笔者根据自己多年的研究经验,结合参加历次申报评审工作发现的问题,在系统阐释中国重要农业文化遗产遴选标准的基础上,重点对《申报书》和《保护与发展规划》编写中核心内容、存在问题进行了梳理,并提出了针对性建议,以为农业文化遗产申报单位和参与申报材料准备的专家团队提供借鉴与参考。

China is an agricultural county with more than tens of thousands of years.During the very long history,the ancestors created a rich farming culture which is an important part of Chinese excellent culture.Under the influence of the fao global important agricultural cultural heritage program,the ministry of agriculture and villages of China launched the excavation and protection of China's important agricultural cultural heritage in 2012,and released four batches of 91 projects.With the characteristics of living,compound and multi-functional and others,China-NIAHS is a new kind of heritage which makes local managers and technical supporters inadequate understanding and leads the proposals and conservation and development plans too simple which can not meet the requirements to be designated.In this paper,based on many years experiences and some problems found in reviewing work,the author systematically explained the criteria of China-NIAHS and,analyzed the key content and problems existing in the Proposal and Conservation and Development Plan,and put forward the corresponding suggestions which could be as the references to the local applicants and related researchers.