6个大丽花新品种在张家口地区的引种表现

Introduction Performance of Six New Dahlias Varieties in Zhangjiakou

为了丰富张家口地区的大丽花栽培品种,对引自荷兰的6个大丽花品种樱花、波拉岛、香蕉屋、詹姆斯、橙子和秋田进行了引种试验,通过观察各品种的生物适应性、物候期、生长规律和开花习性,以期筛选出适宜在张家口地区推广应用的品种。结果表明:引进的6个大丽花品种营养生长速生期主要集中在7～8月;花色艳丽,花期长(整个花期78～91 d,最晚可持续到10月中下旬);除樱花(花朵冠径30 cm)为小花型外,其他品种(花朵冠径均>50 cm)均为大花型。秋田为矮秆型品种,较适合盆栽;其他品种均为高秆型,适合地栽。樱花花朵较小、花期较长,适合丛植。试验期间,引进的6个大丽花品种均未发现明显的病虫害,完全适合在张家口等冀北寒冷地区推广种植。

In order to enrich dahlia varieties in Zhangjiakou,the experiment was carried out on six dahlias varieties introduced from Netherlands including Sakura Fubuki,Bora Bora,Cabana Banana,Tyler James,Mel’s Orange Marmalade and Akita.We observed the biocompatibility,phenophase,growth rhythm and flowering habit to select some varieties suitable for popularization and application in Zhangjiakou.The results showed that the fast vegetative growth was mainly in July and August.They had colorful flowers and long florescence,the whole flowering period was 70 to 90 days,which of some varieties could last until late October.Apart from the small flower type of Sakura Fubuki(flower crown diameter was 30 cm),the others were all large flower type(flower crown diameter>50 cm).Akita was short-stem type,which was suitable for pot planting.The others were high-stem type suitable for ground planting.Sakura Fubuki had small flowers and long florescence suitable for clump planting.During the experiment,no obvious pests and diseases were found in the six varieties,which were suitable for popularization and application in cold areas of northern Hebei such as Zhangjiakou.