林下山参不同部位的人参总皂苷与单体皂苷的含量分析

Analysis of Total and Monomer Saponins in Different Parts of Mountain-Cultivated Ginseng

采用香草醛-高氯酸比色结合紫外-可见分光光度法对4个部位中的人参总皂苷进行含量测定。叶中总皂苷含量最高(21.4%),其次为茎(5.1%)、根(4.4%)和籽(3.9%)。运用高效液相色谱法对单体皂苷进行含量测定,关于单体皂苷(元),根中含较多的-Rb1、-Rg1、-RC、-Re和-Rd(0.46%、0.36%、0.30%、0.20%和0.15%),占总皂苷的33.4%;茎中含较多的Re、-Rd、原人参三醇(-PPT)和-Rb3(0.21%、0.19%、0.17%和0.16%),占总皂苷的14.4%;叶中含较多的Re、-Rd、-Rg1、-Rb3、-Rc、-Rb2和-PPT(1.56%、1.49%、0.71%、0.43%、0.34%、0.33%和0.20%),占总皂苷的23.6%;籽中含较多的Re、-Rg1和-Rd(0.68%、0.35%和0.28%),占总皂苷的33.5%。根、茎、叶和籽中总皂苷含量及各单体皂苷(元)的含量均存在较大差异,这为林下山参各部位的质量评价以及茎、叶等地上部分的进一步开发与利用提供了科学依据。

Vanillin-perchloric acid colorimetric combined with UV-visible spectrophotometry was used to determine the contents of TG in four parts ofMCG. The content of TGin leaves was the highest (21.4%) than in stems (5.1%), roots (4.4%) and seeds (3.9%). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the content of monomer saponins: more Rb1,-Rg1,-RC,-Re and Rd (0.46%, 0.36%, 0.30%, 0.20%and 0.15%respectively, and the sum of them accounts for 33.4%of TG) were founded in root. More Re,-Rd,-PPT and -Rb3 (0.21%, 0.19%, 0.17%and 0.16%respectively, and the sum of them accounts for 14.4% of TG) were determined in stem. While the leaves contained more Re,-Rd,-Rg1,-Rb3,-Rc and -Rb2 (1.56%, 1.49%, 0.71%, 0.43%, 0.34%, 0.33%and 0.20%respectively), and the sumof themaccounted for 23.6%of TG in leaves. In seeds, more Re,-Rg1 and -Rd (0.68%, 0.35%and 0.28%respectively), accounting for 33.5%of TG,were detected.The contents of saponins are different in the different parts ofMCG, which will provide the theoretical basis for the quality evaluation, development and utilization of the various parts of MCG.