外科静脉血栓栓塞症预防护理现状调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of prevention and nursing care of venous thromboembolism among surgical nurses

目的:调查外科护士静脉血栓栓塞症预防护理的现状。方法:采用自设问卷于2017年通过中华护理学会外科护理学术会对不同省市23家三级甲等医院的2285名外科护士进行问卷调查。结果:外科护士静脉血栓栓塞症相关知识培训不足,培训率仅为60.6%,初级职称的护士是培训的重点人群。接受调查外科护士的静脉血栓栓塞症预防规范流程使用率高达90.4%,与重症医学科、神经外科比较,骨科与普外科的护士静脉血栓栓塞症预防规范流程使用率更高(P<0.0024)。接受调查外科护士的静脉血栓栓塞症风险评估工作落实不到位,风险评估表使用率仅为83.2%。静脉血栓栓塞症基本预防措施使用率低。结论:外科护士静脉血栓栓塞症预防护理现状有待进一步提高。建议有关部门制定不同科室静脉血栓栓塞症预防标准和流程,并制定相应的质量控制标准,以确保临床工作的落实。

Objective: To investigate the preventive nursing care of venous thromboembolism among surgical nurses.Methods: A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 2285 surgical nurses from 23 tertiary hospitals in different provinces and cities in 2017. Results: Surgical nurses were poorly trained in the nursing care of venous thromboembolism,and only 60.6% of them were trained on this topic. Those with the primary professional titles were the key training group.Totally 90.4% of the surgical surveyed nurses cared the patients in accordance with the standard procedures for the prevention of venous thromboembolism, a higher proportion of nurses in orthopedics and general surgical department followed the standard procedures compared with those in ICU, neurosurgery(P<0.0024). The risk assessment of surgical venous thromboembolism was not enough, and the use rate of the risk assessment form is only 83.2%. The rate of basic preventive measures for venous thromboembolism is low. Conclusion: The preventive nursing care of venous thromboembolism among surgical nurses needs further improvement. It is suggested to develop the prevention measure standards and procedures in different departments, and to establish the corresponding quality control standards to ensure the implementation of clinical work.