全面二孩政策下云南省大理州某县居民生育意愿调查

Investigation on Residents’ Fertility Intention of a County in Dali State in Yunnan Province Under Universal Two-Child Policy

目的:掌握育龄人群的二孩生育意愿,为推进全面二孩政策提供借鉴。方法:调查云南省大理州某县365名居民的生育意愿,运用Logistic回归分析等统计方法确定影响生育意愿的主要因素。结果:44.3%的被访者有生育二孩的意愿,主要受传统生育观念影响;55.7%的被访者不愿意生育二孩,主要受家庭经济状况与孩子照料问题的影响。回归分析发现年纪较轻的育龄妇女、期望生育女孩的被访者家庭更倾向于生育二孩。结论:政府一方面应增强医疗、教育等社会公共服务资源的配置,降低家庭照料和养育成本,同时应关注少数民族地区"重女轻男"价值观对生育意愿的影响,这对缓解其他地区出生人口性别比例失调问题有一定的跨文化借鉴意义。

Objective: To find out the current status and influencing factors of residents’ fertility intention, and to provide evidence to further promote and improve the reproductive policy. Methods: 365 residents in Yunnan were investigated. Logistic regression analysis and other statistical methods were used to determine the main factors affecting fertility intention. Results: The survey found that 44.3% of residents had the intention to have two children and were mainly based on their emotional needs. The reason why 55.7% residents were unwilling to have two children was mainly due to family economic status and child care. After the regression analysis, it was found that women of childbearing age who were young and expected to have girls were more likely to have two children. Conclusion: The government should strengthen the allocation of social public service resources such as medical care and education, reduce the cost of family care and parenting, and pay attention to the influence of the values of “Feminism” in minority areas on fertility willingness which can solve the problem of unbalanced birth sex ratio in most western areas .