农村征地制度改革前后农牧民满意度分析——基于内蒙古和林格尔县的实证研究

Analysis of satisfaction of farmers before and after the reform of rural land expropriation system——An case of Helingeer county,Inner Mongolia

以内蒙古和林格尔县农村土地征收制度改革前后两次调查的383份问卷为依据,采用二值选择的Probit概率模型分析了被征地农牧民对土地征收制度改革的反应。结果表明:调查区征地制度改革后,对征地行为不满意的户数由占比83%下降为49%,说明土地征收制度改革可以大幅度提高被征地农牧民对征地行为的满意度。影响被征地户满意度的因素除了补偿标准以外,还有是否提供医疗服务及医疗服务收费标准、养老保险水平和土地征收用途等。总体来看,镇级统筹,村级建设,集体经营性建设用地入市,激发农村土地资源活力,合理分配增值收益,使农村更加有序发展,使农牧民积极主动参与征地过程等政策措施都对农牧民满意度有重要影响;加强农村社会保障制度建设、提高政府服务水平、提高公众参与度应该是内蒙古农村土地征收制度改革的主要内容。

Based on the two questionnaires conducted before and after the pilot rural land acquisition system reform,in Helingeer County,Inner Mongolia,Probit’s probability model was used to empirically analyze the level of satisfaction of land-expropriated farmers before land acquisition and its influencing factors,the reform measures of the land expropriation system,and the social security status of farmers and herdsmen whose land has been acquired.The research results show that 83%of the landless farmers were dissatisfied with the local land acquisition system before the implementation of the rural land expropriation system reform.The main influencing factors were whether to provide medical care,pension insurance and land acquisition purposes.49%of the landless farmers and herdsmen showed dissatisfaction.The main influencing factors were the degree of understanding of the reform measures and the understanding of the transfer of farmland.Research conclusions:After the implementation of the rural land expropriation system reform,the satisfaction of the landless farmers increased by22%.Town-level planning and village-level construction enabled farmers to actively participate in the land acquisition process;rationally distribution of value-added income to make rural areas more orderly development;collectively-operate construction land entered the market to stimulate the vitality of rural land resources.However,at the beginning of the reform,it was still necessary to strengthen the construction of the rural social security system,strengthen the level of government services,increase public participation,and further promote the reform of the rural land expropriation system in Inner Mongolia.