基于分布式测算方法的上海城市森林生态系统服务功能评估

Evaluation of ecosystem services for urban forests in Shanghai based on a distribution measurement methodology

基于森林生态系统连续观测与清查体系,依据中华人民共和国林业行业标准《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》(LY/T 1721-2008),并结合2016年上海市森林资源监测成果数据,对上海城市森林生态系统服务功能价值进行了评估.结果表明:2016年上海市森林生态系统服务功能总价值为125.8亿元,每公顷森林提供的价值量为12.75万元.8项森林生态系统服务功能价值量从大到小的顺序为:森林游憩(26.03%)>净化大气环境(22.03%)>固碳释氧(20.24%)>涵养水源(17.14%)>生物多样性保护(9.10%)>保育土壤(3.53%)>林木积累营养物质(1.84%)>森林防护(0.09%).从研究结果来看,森林游憩功能的价值量最高.森林游憩、净化大气环境、固碳释氧和涵养水源是上海城市森林生态系统服务功能的主体功能,对于上海市营造宜居型城市及创建"生态之城"具有重要作用.

Using continuous observation and the inventory system for forest ecosystems,according to the People’s Republic of China standard LY/T 1721-2008 Specifications for assessment of forest ecosystem services in China, combined with forest resource monitoring data from 2016, this study assessed the value of forest ecosystem services in Shanghai.The results showed that the total value of forest ecosystem services in urban forests in Shanghai in 2016 was 12.58 billion yuan and mean value was 127.5 thousand yuan per hectare. The value of the eight service functions was distributed as follows: forest recreation(26.03%), atmosphere environmental purification(22.03%), carbon fixation and oxygen released(20.24%), water conservation(17.14%), biodiversity conservation(9.10%),soil conservation(3.53%), forest nutrition storage(1.84%), contribution of forest to prevent natural calamities(0.09%). From the results of this study, the value of forest recreation was the highest. Forest recreation, atmosphere environmental purification, carbon fixation and oxygen release, and water conservation were the main functions of urban forest services in Shanghai;These features play an important role in building a livable city and establishing"an ecological city".