规则与共识:从电子签名到区块链

Rules and Consensus: From Electronic Signature to Block Chain

区块链所代表的去中心化思想是未来的发展趋势之一,其为去中心化提出的共识机制、竞争记账等策略是目前最好的解决方法。区块链与生俱来的属性与电子签名天然契合。区块链具有的回溯与共识机制为突破当前的电子签名局限提供了可能,使电子商务有了更为强大的法律后盾。随着区块链基础设施的完善,有可能彻底颠覆传统公证制度。现今所谓的区块链司法应用其实质,依然是电子签名及公证手段的增强,未充分体现"提供去中心化环境下信任"这一核心本质。我国司法机构天然具有国家赋予的"中心"属性,与区块链提倡的"去中心化"似乎显得格格不入。未来司法领域应用中,区块链会以联盟链形式实现"中心化"与"去中心化"的折衷。

The idea of decentralization represented by block chain is one of the development trends in the future. The consensus mechanism and competitive accounting strategies proposed for decentralization are the best solutions at present. The inherent properties of block chain are naturally compatible with electronic signature. The retrospective and consensus mechanism of block chain makes it possible to break through the limitations of current electronic signature, and makes electronic commerce more powerful legal backing. With the improvement of block chain infrastructure, it is possible to completely subvert the traditional notarization system. Nowadays, the so-called block chain justice is still the enhancement of electronic signature and notarization, which does not fully reflect the core essence of "providing trust in a decentralized environment". China’s judiciary naturally has the "center" attribute endowed by the state, which seems incompatible with the "decentralization" advocated by the block chain. In future judicial applications, block chain will achieve a compromise between centralization and decentralization in the form of alliance chain.