性格与亚健康的关系:基于中国四省14岁及以上城镇居民调查结果

Association analysis between personality and sub?health among urban residents aged over 14 years in 4 Chinese provinces

目的探讨性格对亚健康的直接关系及通过挫商和应激事件产生的间接关系。方法采用多阶段分层抽样方法对我国四省份14岁以上的城镇居民进行调查,并对4517名符合条件城镇居民进行研究分析。采用协方差分析方法分析校正人口学特征和生活方式影响后,性格对亚健康的独立相关关系;结构方程模型分析性格、挫商、应激事件与亚健康的关系路径;bootstrap进行性格对亚健康的直接效应和间接效应的检验。结果性格与整体(F=75.913,P<0.001)、生理(F=23.618,P<0.001)、心理(F=101.993,P<0.001)和社会亚健康(F=48.757,P<0.001)有独立相关关系。忍气吞声、焦虑易怒和急躁好胜型性格的健康得分均显著低于成熟稳重型性格(P<0.05)。性格与挫商和应激事件有关,与生理亚健康的关系主要通过挫商和应激事件的间接效应(β=-0.110)体现;与心理亚健康的关系均以直接效应(β=-0.172)为主,间接效应略次之(β=-0.126);与社会亚健康的关系以间接效应(β=-0.113)为主,直接效应略次之(β=-0.082)。结论成熟稳重型性格可能有助于提高健康水平,忍气吞声、焦虑易怒和急躁好胜型性格可能会促进亚健康的发生,在成长过程中有意识培养成熟稳重性格对健康有积极的意义。

Objective To explore the direct relationship between personality(PN) and sub-health status(SHS) and their indirect association mediated by frustration quotient(FQ) and stress event(SE). Methods A multiple-stage stratified sampling method was used to choose the participants, and a total of 4517 eligible urban residents were selected. ANCOVA was used to analyze the independent association between personality and SHS after adjusting the demographic characteristics and lifestyle. A structural equation model was used to analyze the associations among personality, FQ, SE and SHS. Bootstrap method was used to test the direct and indirect association between personality and SHS. Results Personality was independently associated with total sub-health(F=75.913, P<0.001), physical sub-health(F=23.618, P<0.001), mental sub-health(F=101.993, P<0.001) and social sub-health(F=48.757, P<0.001). The urban residents with the personalities characterized by anger suppression, anxiety and irritability, and impatience and competitiveness had significantly lower health scores than those with a mature and steady personality(P<0.05). Personality was associated with FQ and SE, and the indirect association between personality and physical sub-health was mainly mediated by FQ and SE(β=-0.110). Personality showed more a direct association(β=-0.172) with mental sub-health and a slightly less indirect association(β=-0.126) with mental sub-health. Personality showed a more indirect association(β=-0.113) with social SHS and slightly less direct association(β=-0.082) with social sub-health. Conclusion A mature and steady personality may help to promote the general health level, while the personalities of anger suppression, anxiety and irritability,impatience and competitiveness can be associated with the occurrence of sub-health. Building a mature and steady personality has positive effects on the health in general of an individual.