无抗发酵饲粮对猪小肠黏膜形态和杯状细胞的影响

Effects of Fermentation Diet without Antibiotic on Intestinal Mucosal Morphology and Goblet Cells of Piglets

本试验旨在研究无抗发酵饲粮对猪小肠黏膜形态和杯状细胞的影响。试验选取遗传背景相似的初生健康乳猪120头,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组6个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂含抗生素的基础饲粮,试验组饲喂以10%发酵饲粮代替部分无抗生素基础饲粮的试验饲粮,营养和能量水平调到与对照组相当。结果表明:1)试验组和对照组在小肠黏膜形态上有一定的差异。2)在44日龄时,试验组空肠绒毛高度比对照组提高7.19%(P<0.05)。在44和75日龄时,试验组回肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。3)对照组十二指肠、空肠、回肠隐窝深度均高于试验组,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。4)在44日龄时,试验组回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)比对照组提高17.18%(P<0.01)。5)在44日龄时,对照组十二指肠、空肠和回肠黏膜上皮间杯状细胞数量极显著高于试验组(P<0.01)。在75日龄时,对照组十二指肠黏膜上皮间杯状细胞数量极显著高于试验组(P<0.01)。综上所述,无抗发酵饲粮能改善小肠黏膜形态,增大吸收面积,从而促进小肠对营养物质的吸收。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of fermentation diet without antibiotic on morphology of intestinal mucosa and goblet cells for piglets. A total of 120 suckling piglets with similar body weight were randomly divided into control group and test group with 6 replicates per group and 10 piglets per replicate. Piglets in the control groups were fed the basal diet containing antibiotics;piglets in the test group were fed the non-antibiotic basal diet with 10% fermentation diet,and its levels of nutrition and energy were the same as the control group. The results showed as follows: 1) there was a certain difference in mucosal morphology between the test group and the control group. 2) At 44 days of age,the villus height of jejunum in test group was significantly increased by 7.19% compared with control group ( P <0.05). At 44 and 75 days of age,the villus height of ileum in test group was significantly higher than that in control group ( P <0.05). 3) Crypt depth of duodenum,jejunum,ileum in the test group was lower than that of the control group,but not significant ( P >0.05). 4) At 44 days of age,villus height/crypt depth (V/C) of ileum in test group was significantly increased by 17.18% compared with the control group ( P <0.05). 5) At 44 days of age,the number of goblet cells of duodenum,jejunum and ileum in control group was significantly higher than that in test group ( P <0.01). At 75 days of age,the number of goblet cells of duodenal in control group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P <0.01). In conclusion,the fermentation diet without antibiotic can improve the intestinal mucosa morphology and enlarge the absorption area,thus promoting absorption of nutrients by small intestine.