简帛数术的发现与研究:1949—2019

An Overview of the Discoveries and Research of Shushu(数术) Written on Bamboo and Silk (1949-2019)

中华人民共和国成立70年来的简帛数术发现与研究可分为三个阶段:头30年为第一阶段,几座主要墓葬出土的简帛数术资料如马王堆汉墓帛书、云梦睡虎地秦简《日书》都发现于这一阶段,可称之为简帛数术大发现的时代;20世纪八九十年代为第二阶段,几种主要数术著作的出版奠定了简帛数术研究的基本框架,是简帛数术研究的繁盛期;新世纪以来的20年为第三阶段,非科学发掘的简牍数量大增,简帛数术文献的再整理以及研究的细化是本阶段的特征。通过对简帛数术的研究,可以大致复原《汉书·艺文志》"数术略"的基本面貌,在文本整理、科学史、社会生活史、民间信仰与早期道教、数术史等方面取得显著成绩。展望未来,简帛数术研究一是要加强分工协作和国际合作,二是直探本源,重构早期数术的新体系。

The discoveries and research of Shushu(数术) written on bamboo and silk over the 70 years of the founding of the People’s Republic of China can be divided into three stages. Through the research of Shushu, we can basically restore the basic features of the bibliography of books in Han Shu(《汉书·艺文志》). The research has achieved remarkable results in the fields of text collation,history of science,history of social life,folk beliefs and early Taoism,and history of mathematics. In addition, two points should be emphasized in future work:one is to strengthen the teamwork and international cooperation, and the other is to explore the origin and reconstruct a new system of history of early Shushu.