宋代江阴城市空间格局的演变

The Changing Spatial Pattern of Jiangyin City Song

本文以民国大比例尺实测地图为底图,复原南宋绍定三年(1230)江阴军坊郭图,在此基础上运用康泽恩城市形态学方法,结合特殊地物的文献考证和街区形态分析,在街道尺度下揭示了杨吴至南宋三百余年间江阴城市空间格局的演变过程:至晚形成于萧梁时期的江阴城市核位于黄田港与鲥鱼港交汇处的沿河地带,呈街区环绕衙城的形态,这一中古时期的传统格局在唐天祐十年(913)西迁治所与北宋天禧四年(1020)开凿横河之后被逐渐打破。主要表现在政治、文化区与商业区的分离发展和扩张——子城及中、南街被规划形成;鲥鱼港的交通枢纽地位被横河取代,导致东城街区生长和扩展以及高巷街区的衰落。随着港口经济这一塑造江阴城市形态的主导力量在南宋中后期的衰退,江阴城市规模在宋末至元代出现了部分萎缩。

Having his research based on a restored 1230 map of Jiangyin,the present author attempts to delineate the changes in relation to the spatial pattern of Jiangyin city in three centuries. Methodologically,the present paper is a unity of Cozenian typomorphology and textual investigation. It reveals that the medieval pattern of Jiangyin city had been broken in the early tenth and eleventh centuries. Changes were mainly embodied in the separation and growth of political,cultural and commercial blocks. Historically Jiangyin in the late Song and early Yuan dynasties suffered an atrophy due to the decline of her proud port economy.