播种期对3个糯玉米品种生育进程及产量的影响

Effect of Sowing Time on the Growth Process and Yield of Waxy Corn

为了探索播种期对糯玉米生长发育进程及产量的影响,对3个糯玉米品种进行了分期播种试验。结果表明:随着播种期推后,从播种到抽雄天数、抽雄到成熟天数呈先缩短再延长的趋势,播种期越后延,从抽雄到成熟天数增加越明显;植株高度、穗位高度先增加,在第4播期达到最高值,然后逐渐降低,3个品种平均株高及穗位高表现为金糯691>黔糯627>农科糯336;在第1~3播期内,穗长、穗粗、单穗重及鲜穗产量、鲜子粒产量逐渐增加,在第4播期达到最大值,然后随播期延后逐渐降低。对单穗重、鲜穗产量、鲜子粒产量与播种期延后天数进行回归模拟,R2值在0.9372~0.9903,均达极显著水平。3个糯玉米品种在遵义地区露地栽培的最适宜播种期在3月底至5月中旬,最迟播种期为6月上旬。

To explore the effects of sowing time on waxy corn growth and yield,13 sowing experiments were carried out on three waxy corn varieties.The results showed that as the sowing period was postponed,days from sowing to staminating,days from staminating to ripening is shortened and then extended,the later the sowing date was,the more obvious the increase of days from staminating to ripening was;plant height and spike height increased first,reached the highest value in the fourth phase,and then gradually decreased.The trend of average plant height and spike height of the three varieties was Jinnuo 691>Qiannuo 627>Nongkenuo 336.During the sowing period in the first to third period,the length of the ear,the thickness of the ear,the weight of the single ear,the yield of the fresh ear,and the yield of the fresh grain gradually increased,reaching a maximum in the third to fourth period,and then gradually decreased with the delay of the sowing period.The single ear weight,fresh ear yield,fresh grain yield,and the days delayed planting period were simulated.The R^2 value was between 0.9372 and 0.9903,all of which reached a very significant level.The optimum sowing time for three waxy maize varieties in Zunyi region is from late March to mid-May,and the latest sowing time is early June.