原油脱水技术研究进展

Research Progress of Crude Oil Dehydration Technology

随着油气田的不断深化开采及三次采油技术的大规模应用,原油采出液的含水率越来越高,若不脱除分离,会给生产运输及炼化过程带来巨大危害。本文概述了原油的脱水方法,包括物理分离法(重力沉降分离法、旋流分离法、电脱水法、超声波法、微波辐射法、膜分离法等)、化学分离法和生物分离法,并对原油脱水方法的未来进行了展望。

With the continuous deepening of oil and gas fields and the large-scale application of tertiary oil recovery technology, the water content in crude oil production liquid was getting higher and higher. If the higher water content in the production fluid was not removed, it would cause great harm to production, transportation and refining. This paper briefly summarized the commonly used crude oil dehydration methods, which were divided into physical methods such as gravity sedimentation separation, centrifugal separation, electric dehydration, ultrasonic, microwave irradiation and membrane separation, chemical demulsification and biological demulsification separation. The law and the future direction of crude oil dehydration technology in China was reviewed.