数字普惠金融视野中的小微企业增信机制研究

Research on the Credit Enhancement Mechanism of Small and Micro Enterprises in the Perspective of Digital Inclusive Finance

小微企业普遍存在抗风险能力弱、信用等级较低的固有特点,其经营规模与发展阶段也使小微企业融资相较于传统大型企业融资而言带有鲜明的个性化风格。信用不足是掣肘小微企业融资的重要原因,而增信问题则是解决小微企业融资瓶颈的关键突破口。我国小微企业增信机制建设处于起步阶段,融资增信环节薄弱,在可持续性与完整性方面均有很大发展空间。小微企业融资需求与互联网金融的特点高度耦合、天然互适。数字普惠金融的发展将为小微企业解决增信难题提供信息技术和平台依托。现阶段,我国小微企业增信应当秉承“适度增信”的原则,推广“软性信用数据”增信模式,拓宽小微企业融资信用评价视野,建立以政策性担保为主体的多层次、全方位增信机制。

Small and micro enterprises generally have inherent characteristics of weak anti-risk ability and low credit rating. Their scale of operation and development stage also make small and micro enterprise financing have a distinct and individualized style compared with traditional large-scale enterprise financing. Insufficient credit is an important reason for the financing of small and micro enterprises, and the issue of credit enhancement is a key breakthrough to solve the financing bottleneck of small and micro enterprises. The construction of the credit enhancement mechanism for small and micro enterprises in China is in its infancy, and the financing and credit enhancement links are weak, which has great room for development in terms of sustainability and integrity. The financing needs of small and micro enterprises are highly coupled with the characteristics of Internet finance and are naturally compatible. The development of digital inclusive finance will provide information technology and platform support for small and micro enterprises to solve the problem of credit enhancement. At this stage, China’s small and micro enterprises should adhere to the principle of "appropriate credit enhancement", promote the "soft credit data" credit enhancement model, broaden the horizon of financing credit evaluation of small and micro enterprises, and establish multi-levels with policy guarantee as the main body. An all-round credit enhancement mechanism.