稀土-锌抗菌硅胶的制备及在硅橡胶中的应用研究

Preparation of rare earth-zinc antibacterial silica and its application in silicone rubber

以碳酸氢钠和硅酸钠为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出含锌、钇离子的新型抗菌硅胶。通过单因素实验找出较佳的制备条件:反应时间为1h、锌离子浓度为0.8mol/L、稀土钇离子浓度为0.005mol/L。采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和激光粒度分析仪等手段对材料进行表征,并通过抗菌检测(涂布平板法,菌种采用大肠杆菌)对材料的抗菌性能进行研究。结果表明:锌、钇离子的掺杂对硅胶的分子结构和化学键没有影响,且抗菌硅胶结构松散、粒度均一呈无定形态。锌-钇抗菌硅胶对大肠杆菌具有较好的杀菌效果,杀菌率可达到84%以上。将较佳条件下制备出的锌-钇抗菌硅胶添加到原橡胶中,探究了添加量对硅橡胶抗菌性能和力学性能的影响,当添加量为0.35%时,可制备出具有抗菌性,且保持橡胶本身性能的抗菌硅橡胶。

A new inorganic antibacterial silica gel containing zinc and yttrium ions was prepared by a sol-gel method,using sodium bicarbonate and sodium silicate as raw materials.The better preparation conditions were obtained by controlling single factor variable experiments:the concentration of zinc ion 0.8 mol/L,the rare earth yttrium concentration 0.005 mol/L and reaction time 1 h.The material as synthesized was characterized by the particle size analyzer,FT-IR,XRD,SEM and laser particle size analyzer.The antibacterial properties of products were detected by antibacterial experiment(spread plate method,strains with e.coli bacteria).The results showed that zinc and yttrium ions had no effect on the molecular structure and chemical bond of silica gel.The particle size of silica gel was minimum with a narrow size distribution,and its structure was fluffy and porous.The products worked well on Escherichia coli disinfection,the bacteriostasis rate can reach above 84%.The Zn-antibacterial silica gel was added into the silicone rubber,and found that when the addition amount was 0.35%,they showed better capability of not only the intrinsic performance but also the antibacterial character.