美国无障碍环境建设法律法规和运行机制研究

Research on Operating Mechanism Laws and Regulations of American Barrier-free Environment Construction

根据国家统计局公布的2018年经济数据显示,截至2018年年底,我国60周岁及以上人口已接近2.5亿人,同时《中国残疾人事业研究报告(2018)》指出目前我国残疾人数已超过8500万。面对庞大的老龄和残疾人口数量,积极顺应我国由“成年型”社会向“老年型”社会转型的趋势,加快“适老化”无障碍环境建设成为化解人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分发展之间矛盾的重要举措。无障碍环境建设的持续完善离不开成熟的法律体系和标准体系作保障。美国作为全球较早开展无障碍环境工作的国家,具有完备的法制建设、深厚的思想基础和丰富的实践经验。通过对美国无障碍环境建设法律法规和运行机制的分析,能够为我国无障碍环境建设工作提供重要的参考。

According to 2018 economic data of the Chinese National Bureau of Statistics the number of elderly people in China has approached 250 million.《The Report of Disability in China 2018》shows the number of Chinese disabled people has exceeded 85 million. The rapid development of aging-friendly barrier-free environment construction can alleviate the contradiction between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life. It is a positive measure which can conform to the trend from “Adult” Society to “Aged” Society under the background of Chinese large population of aged and disabled. The continuous improvement of barrier-free environment construction can’t be separated from the mature legal system and standard system. Barrier-free environment construction has been developing for a long time in the United States. It has complete legal system, profound ideological foundation and rich practical experience. It can provide an important reference for Chinese barrier-free environmental construction work through the analysis of the laws, regulations and operational mechanism of barrier-free environmental construction in the United States.