农村给排水格局改变引起的住房安全问题研究——以北京市延庆区为例

Study on issues related to housing safety raised by drainage system alternation in rural areas——taking Yanqing District of Beijing municipality as an example

近10年来,北京延庆北部地区4个村发生了大面积的房屋和墙体倒塌现象。通过在受灾地区进行的工程地质和水文地质调查与试验工作,查明是给排水格局改变破坏了地下水的补排和排泄平衡,造成浅层地下水水位持续上升直达地表,过浅的地下水水位使季节性冻土层内的黏土和粉质土长期处于饱和状态,反复发生强冻胀和融陷作用,破坏了地基岩土体的结构和承载力,导致房屋和院墙倒塌。通过采取建设雨水与生活污水排放管道、建设抽水井、停用渗水井等措施,受灾地区地下水水位上升势头得到一定程度的控制,显示出较好的治理效果。

In the last ten years, collapse of houses and wall have frequently happened in four villages of Yanqing County in Beijing. According to geological investigation and experiments, it shows that the change of drainage system has led to imbalance of groundwater recharge and drainage, including continuous rising of shallow groundwater level to the land surface and long-lasting saturated state of cohesive soil and silty soil within the seasonal permafrost and effects of frost swelling and melting. The structure and carrying capacity of foundation rock and soil have been damaged and resulted in collapse of houses and walls. Therefore, pumping wells are adopted together with abandoning of seepage wells so as to control the rising of groundwater level.