纸质文物生物病害研究进展

Research Progress of Bio-diseases on Paper Relics

作为有机质文物的重要组成部分,纸质文物易发生各种生物病害,其中微生物包括真菌及细菌、动物包括昆虫、鼠类等。为了防止纸质文物生物病害的发生,本文分别从生物病害的种类及病原鉴定、环境因子分析、防治措施三方面的研究进展进行了归纳总结,效仿植物病害,据此提出“纸质文物生物病害四面体假说”。对纸质文物生物病害进行有效防治需要重视以下几个要点:病原物识别是基础;环境因子分析是辅助;综合防治是手段。

As an important component of organic cultural relics, paper relics are susceptible to various bio-diseases, including fungi, bacteria, insects, mouse and so on. In order to protect paper relics from bio-diseases, the latest progresses in the field of were reviewed from three aspects including bio- diseases identification, environmental factor analysis, and control methods. The hypothesis "Paper Relics Bio-disease Tetrahedron" could be proposed as plant diseases. For the effective control of paper relics bio-diseases, some factors should be paid attention:pathogen identification was the basis;environmental factor analysis was supplement;integrated control was method.