不同种源文冠果种子及苗期性状地理变异

Geographic Variation of Seed and Seedling Traits of Xanthoceras sorbifolium from Different Provenances

为了揭示文冠果(Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge)种子性状和苗期性状地理变异规律,并筛选出适合陕北地区生长的文冠果优良种源,对26个文冠果种源的7个种子性状、6个苗期性状进行调查分析。结果表明,文冠果不同种源间的种子和苗期性状有显著差异(P<0.05),种子各性状的变异系数为12.01%~29.79%,除种皮质量外其余性状重复力均达到90%以上;苗高、地径、保存率在种源间差异显著,苗期性状变异系数为17.57%~62.01%,苗高和地径的重复力达到80%以上。种子长、种子宽、种皮质量与海拔呈显著相关,无霜期与种皮质量呈显著正相关,地径与经度呈显著负相关。根据苗期性状聚类分析,26个种源可分为3类,初选出适宜陕北地区生长的优良种源为内蒙奈曼、北京房山、内蒙科尔沁3个种源。

To reveal the geographical variational regularity of seed traits and seedling traits in Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge,and to screen the suitable provenances for growth in Northern Shaanxi,7 seed traits and 6 seedling traits of 26 provenances were investigated and analyzed. The seed and seedling traits of different provenances of X. sorbifolium were significantly different(P=0.05).The coefficient of variation of seed traits was from 12.01% to 29.79%,except seed coat weight,the repeatability of other traits reached more than 90%.The differences in seedling height,ground diameter,and conservation rate were significant among the provenances.The variation coefficient of seedling traits ranged from 17.57% to 62.01%,and the repeatability of seedling height and ground diameter reached over 80%. Seed length,seed width,seed coat weight were significantly correlated with elevation,seed coat wight and frost free period were significantly positively correlated,the ground diameter was negatively correlated with longitude.According to the cluster analysis of the seedling traits,26 provenances can be divided into 3 categories.The primary provenances suitable for the growth in northern Shaanxi are Naiman Banner in Inner Mongolia,Fangshan Beijing,and Horqin District in Inner Mongolia.