婚姻挤压背景下农村大龄未婚男青年主观幸福感的调查研究

A Survey of Subjective Well-being of Older Unmarried Men in Rural Areas under the Background of Marriage Squeeze

基于对贵州省六县(市)822名农村大龄未婚男青年的调查,分析比较农村大龄未婚男青年婚姻挤压的社会支持状况,并通过Logistic回归方法对影响农村大龄未婚男青年主观幸福感的因素进行研究。结果发现:农村大龄未婚男青年的主观幸福感不容乐观;与同龄已婚男青年相比,未婚男青年的情感性社会支持得分显著偏低;年龄、文化程度及父母健在情况与未婚男青年的婚姻挤压密切相关;婚姻挤压、社会支持(情感与工具)及横向社会比较均对大龄未婚男青年主观幸福感有显著正向影响。提出应高度重视性别的严重失衡,加大脱贫攻坚中的精准识别力度,提高农村大龄未婚男青年社会经济地位,以及完善社会保障体系的对策建议。

Based on the investigation of 822 rural older unmarried young men in 6 counties (cities) of Guizhou Province, this paper analyzes and compares the social support status of the older unmarried young men with different characteristics in rural areas, and studies the factors that influence the subjective well-being of them by Logistic regression method. The result shows that: the subjective well-being of the unmarried young men in the rural areas is not optimistic;compared with married young men of the same age, unmarried young men have scored significantly lower in emotional social support;age, education level and parents' living condition are closely related to the marriage squeeze of unmarried young men;marriage squeeze, social support (emotions and tools) and horizontal social comparison have significant positive effects on the subjective well-being of older unmarried men. Some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward, such as attaching great importance to the serious gender imbalance, strengthening the accurate identification of poverty alleviation, improving the socio-economic status of older rural unmarried men, and improving the social security system.