果树嫁接的优势及关键技术

Grafting Advantages and Key Technology of Fruit Trees

嫁接是果树无性繁殖的方法之一,即采取优良品种植株上的枝或芽接到另一植株的适当部位,使两者结合而生成新的植株。文章总结了嫁接在保持品种优良形状、丰产和提高抗逆性等方面的优势,介绍了常见的三种嫁接方法(T型芽接、木质芽接、插皮舌接);在此基础上提出了选择合适嫁接材料、注意嫁接时间、选择合适的嫁接方法、选取合适的生长点等提高嫁接成活率的措施。

Grafting is one of the methods of fruit tree asexual reproduction, that is, taking branches or buds from superior varieties to the appropriate parts of another plant to combine the two to produce new plants. This paper summarized the advantages of grafting in maintaining good shape, high yield and improving stress resistance of varieties, analyzed three common grafting methods (T-type bud grafting, wood bud grafting, cuttage tongue grafting), and proposed measures to improve the survival rate of grafting, such as selection of grafting materials, attention to time, selection of appropriate grafting methods and selection of appropriate grafting methods, growing point, etc.