不说迷楼说影园——明郑元勋、计成与扬州影园

No Less Charming than Milou: On ZHENG Yuanxun, JI Cheng and Their Ying Yuan

影园始建于明崇祯七年(1634年),位于扬州城西南护城河中长屿上(今荷花池公园内)。园面积不过数亩,因以山影、水影、柳影之景为胜,故名影园。园未有而名先有。郑元勋和好友计成协力完成了此园的设计与兴造,此时恰值中国历史上第一部造园学专书《园冶》完成。本文据郑氏《影园自记》《园冶》及其他文献,研究影园之格局、空间与景物组成,知影园建筑疏朗,因水势营地势、立亭榭、植花木,是晚明时期颇具代表性之山水园。

Ying Yuan (Garden of Refl ection) was originally laid in 1634 AD, the site of which is now located on a narrow islet in Erdao River, southwest of Yangzhou. Once a place of attraction, the garden offered famously fi ne views, especially the refl ections in the river by which the garden was christened even before its construction. ZHENG Yuanxun, the owner, and his close friend JI Cheng, worked together for designing and construction, around the time when the latter completed his Yuan Ye , the fi rst book on gardening in Chinese history. Drawing from accounts of the garden by ZHENG’s essay Ying-Yuan Zi-Ji (On My Garden of Refl ection ), Yuan Ye and other sources, this paper attempted at a well-informed calculation on the garden’s spatial layout and gardening elements, which was found to be organized largely in conformity with the water bodies while architectural features were place in an elegantly sparse manner. The garden thus posed as a representative piece of classical Chinese landscape garden of late Ming period.