维果斯基社会文化历史理论视域下的儿童文化及其教育启示

Children’s Culture and Its Educational Enlightenment from the Perspective of Vygowski’s Social Culture and History Theory

近年来,儿童发展领域中结合儿童社会文化背景的研究在不断增加。前苏联心理学家维果斯基为这一研究做出了重要基础性贡献,他所代表的社会文化历史理论学派强调社会文化的作用,揭示了人类高级的心理机能的发展规律,注重环境在促进认知发展中的作用[1]199。他认为只有在儿童成长的历史和文化背景下来理解儿童的发展才有意义。目前,我国对维果斯基学说的研究多集中于对其理论和思想的教育心理学阐述、借鉴和比较,但有关其理论对儿童文化的理解和阐释的研究却很少。本文就以维果斯基社会文化历史理论为立论视角,尝试阐释儿童文化及其现代教育启示。

In recent years,the research on the combination of children’s social and cultural scenarios in the field of children’s psychological development has been increasing.Vygotsky,a former Soviet psychologist,made an important fundamental contribution to this study,and the Social and Cultural History Theory which he represented emphasized the role of social culture,revealed the law of the development of the advanced psychological function of human beings,and the theory also focused on promoting the role of the environment cognitive development.He believes that it is important to understand children development in historical and cultural context where they grew up.At present,the research on Vygorsky’s theory in China mostly focused on its elaboration,reference and comparison of its educational psychology,while there are quite few studies on understanding and interpretation of children’s cultural philosophy.From the perspective of Vygotsky’s theory of social culture and history,this paper attempts to explain the culture of children and its enlightenment of modern education.