张家山汉简《脉书》病症名考释二则

Two Textual Research and Interpretation of Syndrome Names in Mai Shu of Zhangjiashan Han Bamboo Slips

对张家山汉简《脉书》中■两种病症进行考证。从形、音、义方面进行考察,结合历代辞书、传世医籍,在分析前人观点的基础上,得出结论:■为从秃,倝声的形声字,所包含的词义特征是“无发”“赤”,结合■病具有“农(脓)”的症状,得出■当为赤秃病,为一种头疮;■为从髟,啬声的形声字。■字之义当为头发枯涩、不顺滑,与简文所述“养(痒)”的症状不符。■当为通假字,读为徙,徙为之形讹,、癣异体,在汉代为发于头部之干癣病。

This article made a textual research on " Gan"" Se" in Mai Shu of Zhangjiashan Han Bamboo Slips. From the aspect of form, sound and meaning, combined with dictionaries of past dynasties and medical books handed down from generation to generation ,and based on the analysis of the views of predecessors,the author draws a conclusion:" Gan" is a form-sound character with bald form and Gan sound. Its meaning is characterized by " no hair" and " chi". Combining with the symptoms of ” Gan" disease with " suppuration ",it is concluded that " Gan" is a kind of baldness which is a kind of head sores." Se" is a form-sound character with drooping form and Se sound. The meaning of the word " Se" should be that the hair is dry and not smooth, which is not consistent with the symptoms of " itching" described in the brief article."Se" should be a common pseudonym and read as Xi, which is a variant of Xuan. In the Han Dynasty, it refered to the dry rickets on the head.