胡柚皮中类黄酮素提取及残渣综合利用工艺研究

Study on the Technology of Extracting Flavonoids from Huyou Pomelo Peel and Comprehensive Utilization of Residues

采用单因素法对比乙醇浸提、微波提取、超声波提取以及组合工艺提取类黄酮素的效果,优化其工艺参数。然后,再将提取残渣分别进行碱化、醇化预处理,进行柠檬酸和季铵盐接枝改性,以Cu2+和F-作为模型离子,进行静态吸附和动力学试验。结果表明,三元组合工艺类黄酮素提取率在同等其他条件下比二元法提高了13.9%。优化后的提取条件如下:70%(V/V)乙醇溶液(浸提比1∶10)浸泡下,依次于40kHz200W超声振荡9min、400W微波加热8min、80℃加热回流3h,可获得3.17mg/g提取率。25℃柠檬酸残渣改性吸附剂对Cu2+的吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型G=G0c/(A+c),G0=0.99mg/g,A=5.95mg/g。季铵盐残渣改性吸附剂对F-的吸附等温线符合Freundlich模型G=acb,a=0.0066,b=3.55。吸附动力学研究表明,阳离子的吸附饱和时间为10min,阴离子的吸附饱和时间为5min。这表明从胡柚皮中提取类黄酮素后,其残渣经化学改性后成为离子吸附剂在技术上具有可行性。

The single factor experiment was used to compare the effects of extracting flavonoid by ethanol extraction,microwave extraction,ultrasonic extraction and combination extraction process,and the process parameters were optimized.The extraction residue was alkalized and pre-treated by isopropanol,and the citric acid and quaternary ammonium were chosen as grafting and modifying reagent,and Cu 2+ and F - were used as model ions to carry out static adsorption and kinetic experiments.The results showed that the extraction rate of flavonoid by the ternary combination extraction process was 13.9% higher than that by the binary method in the same other conditions.The optimized extraction conditions were as follows:70%(V/V) ethanol solution (leaching ratio of 1 ∶10),soaked in 40 kHz,200 W ultrasonic vibration for 9 min,400 W microwave heating for 8 min,and heating reflux at 80 °C for 3 h, the extraction rate of flavonoids was 3.17. mg/g.The adsorption isotherm of the adsorbent modified by citric acid to 25 °C Cu 2+ solution accorded with the Langmuir model G=G 0c/(A+c), G 0 =0.99 mg/g, A =5.95 mg/g.The adsorption isotherm of adsorbent modified by quaternary ammonium to F - accorded with Freundlich model G=ac b,a=0.006 6,b =3.55. Adsorption kinetics studies showed that the adsorption saturation time of the cation was 10 min and that of the anion was 5 min. These showed that the residue after extracting flavonoids from Huyou pummeio peel was chemically modified to become an ion sorbent,which was technically feasible.