新發現題名碑記所見北宋定州就糧禁軍考

Research on the grain-oriented army of Dingzhou in the Northern Song Dynasty on the basis of newly discovered inscriptional record.

本文利用新發現的定州開元寺塔題名碑記材料,結合正史記載,利用二重證據法對北宋定州就糧禁軍番號、駐軍數量、分廂情況等問題進行了考證,認爲:一,真宗、仁宗朝定州駐紥的就糧禁軍有雲翼、忠猛、驍武、振武、武衛、神武六個番號,其中忠猛、驍武、神武番號正史不載其就糧禁軍性質,雲翼、振武、武衛番號雖正史有載,但每軍駐紥定州數量缺載,題名碑記記載的指揮數比正史多二十個。二,定州就糧禁軍馬軍人數是步軍人數的4.5倍。三,就糧神武、就糧武衛在1040年前就分左、右廂。四,康定、慶曆年間,定州就糧禁軍大量設置,其來源主要是由地方軍升爲就糧禁軍及直接招募,定州就糧禁軍很可能是以"都"爲單位進行編排居住。

Referring to the newly discovered inscriptional record materials of the tower in Dingzhou Kaiyuan Temple and official history,this paper makes a textual research on the Dingzhou grain-oriented army ’ s designation,number,division and other issues in the Northern Song Dynasty by the double evidence method. It comes to the conclusions as follows. First,during the reign of emperor Zhenzong and Renzong of Song, the grain-oriented army of Dingzhou had six designations,namely,Yunyi,Zhongmeng,Xiaoyong,Zhenwu,Wuwei,Shenwu.Among them,the designations of Zhongmeng,Xiaoyong,Shenwu were not marked its nature of grain-oriented army in the official history.Although the official history had a record of the designations of Yunyi,Zhenwu,Wuwei,the numbers of them were absent. The number of grain-oriented army ’ s units recorded in the inscription was 20 more than that of the official history. Second,the number of cavalry in the grain-oriented army of Dingzhou was 4.5 times of the infantry. Third,before 1040,the designations of Shenwu and Wuwei were both divided into two parts,named Zuoxiang and Youxiang. Fourth,during the years of Kangding and Qingli, Dingzhou enlisted a large number people for the grain-oriented army. They were mainly selected from the local army or directly recruited. Dingzhou was likely to organize and reside the army on the units of "Du".