空间生命科学载荷技术发展与未来趋势

Advances and Trends of Space Life Science Payload Technology

空间特殊环境给生命科学研究带来了前所未有的机遇,空间生命科学技术已经成为世界科技强国的科技竞争制高点。科学载荷(仪器)是开展空间生命科学实验的基础工具,是航天生物医学研究的必要基础,决定了空间生命科学研究和医学保障能力。本文按照不同的研究对象,对国内外典型的生命科学载荷进行综述,同时,结合研究需求状况对部分关键技术的发展趋势进行了分析,指出了器官芯片技术在空间生命科学载荷技术发展中的关键作用,以及原位生命信息探测技术的持续需求。最后,对当前生命科学载荷技术的发展趋势进行了总结。

The special environment of space brings unprecedented opportunities to life science. Space life science and technology has become the commanding height of competition in the world’s technological powers. Scientific payload(instrument) is the basic tool for conducting space life science experiments, and is the necessary foundation for aerospace biomedical research, which determines the space life science research and medical support capabilities. The typical life science payloads of domestic and overseas advances are reviewed in this paper according to different research objects. Meanwhile, combined with the research demand situation, the development trend of some key technologies is analyzed. The key role of organs-on-chip(OOC) in the development of space life science payload and the continuous demand of in situ extraterrestrial life information search technology are pointed out. Finally, the development trend of current life science payload technology is summarized.