2016-2017年北京市丰台区手足口病流行病学和病原学特征分析

Epidemiological and Etiological Characteristics of Hand-foot-mouth Disease in Fengtai District of Beijing From 2016 to 2017

目的了解北京市丰台区手足口病的流行现况,为手足口病防治提供依据。方法对2016-2017年北京市丰台区手足口病病例资料进行描述性流行病学分析;对采集的病例标本进行肠道病毒检测并进行病原学特征分析。结果2016-2017年北京市丰台区累计报告病例5 171例,年均发病率为111.21/10万。手足口病高发于6岁以下儿童,占病例总数的86.04%,发病患者男女性别比为1.53∶1。散居儿童和幼托儿童是发病的主要人群,共占病例总数的88.84%。2016年和2017年均有两个发病高峰,2016年为6-7月,10-11月;2017年为7-8月,10-11月。地区间发病水平差异明显,卢沟桥街道病例总数(763例,190.65/10万)和花乡年均发病率(700例,222.14/10万)高于全区其他地区。实验室阳性病例611例,EV71占21.60%,Cox A16占26.84%,Cox A 6占27.17%,其他肠道病毒24.39%。结论北京市丰台区手足口病流行有明显的人群分布和地区分布差异,呈多病原共流行态势,应加强手足口病病原学监测工作。

Objective To analyse prevalence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Fengtai district, Beijing,so as to provide an evidence for the prevention and treament of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods The epidemiological data of hand-foot-mouth disease in Fengtai district of Beijing from 2006 to2007 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology method, intestinal viruses were detected and the pathogenic characteristics were analyzed. Results A total of 5 171 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Fengtai district from 2016 to 2017,the average annual incidence rate was 111.21/105.Hand-foot-mouth disease is most common in children under 6 years old, accounting for86.04% of the total number of cases. The sex ratio of male and female patients was 1.53∶1.Scattered children and children in nursery care were the main population, accounting for88.84% of the total cases. There were two peaks in 2016 and 2017,from June to July and from October to November in2016;from July to August and from October to November in 2017. There were significant differences in incidence levels between regions,The total number of cases(763 cases,190.65/105) in Lugouqiao sub-district and the average annual incidence rate(700 cases, 222.14/105) in Hua county were higher than other areas in the whole district. 611 cases were positive in laboratory, among them EV71 accounted for 21.60%, Cox A16 accounted for 26.84%, Cox A 6 accounted for 27.17%, other enteroviruses accounted for 24.39%. Conclusion The epidemic of hand-foot-mouth disease in Fengtai district has a wide range of epidemic areas. with obvious population distribution and regional distribution differences, presenting a co-epidemic situation of multiple pathogens. Therefore, The surveillance of hand foot and mouth disease should be strengthened.