我国钢材生物腐蚀研究现状与展望

Status and Prospects of Bio-corrosion of Steel in China

钢材生物腐蚀是钢材腐蚀形式的一种,是当今最为关注和热门的研究话题。采用文献综述的研究方法,对生物腐蚀及生物对钢材腐蚀及其防护的概念和内涵进行了准确地界定,回顾了我国钢材生物腐蚀的研究历程。对钢材生物腐蚀及其预防的研究文献进行了分类和归纳总结,概述了我国钢材生物腐蚀的机理研究。梳理了我国钢材生物腐蚀及其预防的方法:现场观察描述法、陈述研究法、评述研究法、实验研究法、实证分析研究法、文献综述法、原因分析研究法、预测研究法和对比研究法。综述了我国对钢材生物腐蚀的几个主要研究内容:钢材生物腐蚀的分类、钢材生物腐蚀原因、钢材生物腐蚀机理、钢材生物腐蚀行为和钢材生物腐蚀防护等。对照国外研究现状,客观评价我国研究与国外相比存在的优点和不足,指出了研究的切入点主要在于两个方面:一是没有深入探究多种腐蚀因子的耦合作用机制;二是生态环保且长效的防护技术有待于进一步研究。最后,展望了我国钢材生物腐蚀及其预防的研究方向。

Biological corrosion is one of the corrosion forms of steel, which is the most concerned and popular research topic nowadays. The concept and connotation of bio-corrosion and corrosion of organisms on steel as well as protection were accurately defined by literature review, and the research history of bio-corrosion of steel in China was reviewed. The literature on bio-corrosion of steel and prevention was classified and summarized, and the mechanism of bio-corrosion of steel in China was reviewed. The methods of steel bio-corrosion and prevention in China were summarized, including field observation and description, statement research, review research, experimental research, empirical analysis, literature review, cause analysis, prediction research and comparative study. The main research contents of steel bio-corrosion in China were reviewed, including the classification of steel bio-corrosion, the causes of steel bio-corrosion, the mechanism of steel bio-corrosion, the behavior of steel bio-corrosion and the protection of steel bio-corrosion. With reference to the foreign research status, the advantages and disadvantages of China's research were objectively evaluated compared with those of foreign countries, and it was pointed out that the starting point of the research was in two aspects. First, the coupling mechanism of various corrosion factors was not explored in depth;Secondly, the long-term protection technology of ecological environment protection was required to be further studied. Finally, the research direction of bio-corrosion of steel and prevention in China are prospected.