文艺与政治、经济、技术:七十年文论问题域的演进

Problematiques in the Field of Literary Theories in Seventy Years

在新中国文论70年的发展进程中,先后出现三大问题域:在前30年“文艺与政治关系问题域”及其延伸中,意识形态性与非意识形态性都得到强调;改革开放以来,在市场经济框架下,经济开始直接影响文艺生产,“文艺与经济(市场)关系问题域”逐步凸显,文艺生产方式的生产性与非生产性得到重视;21世纪以来,极速发展的互联网以及人工智能等新技术对文艺产生了越来越大的影响,“文艺与技术(机器)关系问题域”开始呈现,文艺生产的主体性与非主体性关系问题凸显出来。在70年发展已经累积起的厚实理论基础上,立足马克思强调社会性与工艺性统一的生产工艺学批判理论,整合三大问题域,中国马克思主义文论自主综合创新将迎来重大机遇。

Three fields of problematiques have emerged in the progress of Chinese literary theories over the past seventy years.In the first thirty years(from 1949-1979),the relation between literature and politics was the dominate question,when the features of the ideological and non-ideological were highlighted.Since the reform era,the economic influence on literary production became more direct under the framework of market economy.The relation between literature and economy(market)had gradually appeared,and the productivity and non-productivity in the social mode of literary production became accentuated.In the new century,the technical development of internet and AI has laid more imprints on literary production.Hence arises the question of literary and technique(machine),along which comes the question of subjectivity and non-subjectivity of literary production.On the basis of solid theoretical exploration for seventy years and through the lens of critical theory of production-crafts,the Marxist literary theory would find an important opportunity of unifying sociality and craftsmanship and thus integrating the three fields of problematiques.