直肠癌永久性肠造口患者焦虑抑郁现状及其影响因素分析

Current status and influencing factors of anxiety and depression in rectal cancer patients with permanent intestinal orifice

目的直肠癌永久性肠造口患者焦虑抑郁现状及其影响因素分析。方法采用便利抽样法,选择2016年1月—2018年12月在郑州大学第一附属医院结直肠肛门外科行直肠癌永久性肠造口的患者为研究对象。采用SAS、SDS对其进行调查。本研究共发放问卷165份,回收有效问卷157份。结果157例患者中共有74例(47.13%)焦虑患者,轻度焦虑32例,中度焦虑42例。157例患者中共有95例(60.51%)抑郁患者,轻度抑郁54例,中度抑郁36例,重度抑郁5例。女性、在职人员、低收入、不能自我护理、术前未进行宣教、术后出现并发症的患者更容易发生焦虑和抑郁(P<0.05)。结论直肠癌永久性肠造口患者中存在焦虑、抑郁情绪的比例较高,其影响因素多且复杂,进行针对性干预对改善患者不良情绪有积极意义。

Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of anxiety and depression in rectal cancer patients with permanent intestinal orifice. Methods By convenience sampling, we selected the rectal cancer patients with permanent intestinal orifice who were admitted to Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2016 to December 2018 as our participants in the study. They were investigated by Anxiety Self-Rating Scale and Depression Self-Rating Scale. Totally 165 questionnaires were distributed with 157 valid ones retrieved. Results In the 157 patients, 74 patients (47.13%) suffered from anxiety: 32 of them had mild anxiety and 42 patients had moderate anxiety. In the 157 patients, 95 (60.51%) of them suffered from depression: 54 patients had mild depression, 36 patients had moderate depression and 5 patients had severe depression. Patients who were females, working staff, have low income, impaired ability of self-care, have not received the preoperative education, or have postoperative complications tend to develop anxiety and depression (P<0.05). Conclusions There is a higher proportion of rectal cancer patients with permanent intestinal orifice who had anxiety and depression. The influencing factors are various and complex, and targeted intervention has positive significance in improving the patients' negative mood.