HFOs制冷剂在制冷空调领域的替代研究综述

Substitution research summary of HFO refrigerants in refrigeration and air-conditioning field

在气候变化和一系列政策法规的推动下,新型替代制冷剂的研发工作成为行业热点,其中HFOs及其混合制冷剂在当前广受关注。本文根据现阶段HFOs制冷剂的研究现状,针对HFOs纯制冷剂的热物性,基于理想单级蒸气压缩循环考虑其在空调、热泵两种工况下的替代潜能,对HFOs制冷剂与所替代制冷剂进行理论对比分析,模拟结果初步表明:R1234yf,R1234ze(E),R1233zd(E),R1123,R1243zf,R1141,R1132(E)和R1225ye(Z)可作为制冷空调系统候选替代制冷剂;R1234ze(Z),R1233zd(E)和R1336mzz(Z)可作为热泵候选替代制冷剂。在HFOs混合制冷剂的分析中,针对R134a,R404A,R407C和R410A这几种制冷剂,依据不同的工况对可能的替代制冷剂进行理论循环计算,理论分析结果初步表明:R450A和R513A具有替代R134a制冷剂的潜力;R448A,R449A,R452A,R454A,R454C和R455A具有替代R404A制冷剂的潜力;R444B,R449A和R454C具有替代R407C制冷剂的潜力;R452B和R454B具有替代R410A制冷剂的潜力。最后根据上述分析总结出不同应用场合下HFOs制冷剂的初步替代方案,为HFOs制冷剂作为潜在的替代物提供有价值的参考。

Driven by climate change and a series of policies and regulations,the research and development of new alternative refrigerants has become a hot spot in the industry,among which HFOs and their mixed refrigerants are currently widely concerned. According to the current research status of HFO refrigerants,in view of thermo-physical properties of HFO pure refrigerants,their substitution potentials under these two working conditions of air-conditioning and heat pump are considered based on the ideal single-stage vapor compression cycle. The theoretical comparison and analysis of HFO refrigerants and substituted refrigerants are conducted. The simulation results initially show that R1234yf,R1234ze(E),R1233zd(E),R1123,R1243zf,R1141,R1132(E) and R1225ye(Z) can be used as alternative refrigerants for refrigeration and air-conditioning systems;R1234ze(Z),R1233zd(E) and R1336mzz(Z) can be used as alternative refrigerants for heat pumps. In the analysis of HFO mixed refrigerants,the theoretical cycle calculation of promising alternative refrigerants is carried out according to different working conditions for R134a,R404A,R407C and R410A refrigerant. The analysis results initially show that R450A and R513A are expected to be substitutes for R134a;R448A,R449A,R452A,R454A,R454C,R455A are expected to be substitutes for R404A;R444B,R449A,R454C are expected to be substitutes for R407C;R452B and R454B are expected to be substitutes for R410A. According to the above analysis,the preliminary alternative schemes of HFO refrigerants in different applications are summarized,which provides a valuable reference for HFO refrigerants as potential substitutes.