上面级并联贮箱推进剂均衡输送技术研究

Research on Propellant Balance Feeding Technology of Spacecraft with Parallel Tanks

具有并联贮箱结构的航天器由于输送系统流阻差异,造成并联双箱内推进剂消耗不均衡,导致飞行过程中出现较大的质心偏移,从而降低航天器姿控系统控制力裕度、增加姿控推进剂消耗量,同时,当某一个贮箱推进剂提前耗尽时,输送系统便无法保证为发动机提供纯液相的推进剂,其他贮箱的推进剂将无法继续使用,将大幅增加主动力推进剂的不可用量。提出基于流阻匹配及连通管的并联贮箱均衡输送方案,建立相应的数学模型,并通过地面原理性试验验证模型的正确性。利用该模型,完成了3种均衡输送方案的仿真计算及对比分析。结果表明,基于连通管的均衡输送方案推进剂不可用量及质心偏移变化最小,且有利于工程实现。

The difference of flow resistance of feeding system will lead to the unbalance feeding of propellant,which would cause the skewing of the spacecraft centroid,and increase the propellant usage of attitude control engine.At the same time,when one of the parallel tanks ran out of propellant,the residual propellant in the other tank would not usable for engine because of the bubble in the propellant feeding system.Therefore,the unavailable propellant of main engine would increase significantly.In this paper,the propellant balance feeding system based on flow resistance matching and balance line is proposed.The mathematical model is established and verified by the ground principle experiment.The result of simulation and comparative analysis showed that balance feeding system based on balance line is the optimal choice for both of propellant residual and spacecraft skewing,and it is easy for engineering realization.