我国青少年编程教育课程标准探讨

Discussion on the Curriculum Standard of Chinese Youth Programming Education

编程能力被认为是智能时代人才必备的重要技能之一,青少年编程能力的培养更是寄托了国家的希望和民族的未来。然而,与发达国家相比,我国青少年编程教育的实践和研究仍处于起步阶段,在体系、内容和师资等方面还需要开展大量工作。其中,当务之急是开发相对规范的青少年编程教育课程标准。本研究在分析《英国国家课程计算学习项目》(2013版)、美国《K-12计算机科学框架》(2016版),以及我国《普通高中信息技术课程标准》(2017版)的基础上,结合国内主流青少年编程教育机构的实践与研究,探讨我国青少年编程教育课程标准的核心内容,包括基本理念、理论基础、核心素养、课程目标和具体内容等,重点介绍入门、初级、中级和高级四个学习阶段的具体目标以及与之匹配的内容和案例示范,研究最后对编程教育课程研发和实施提出了建议。本研究希望通过对课程标准的研讨,更好地引导青少年编程教育领域的研究和实践。

Programming ability is considered to be one of the important skills necessary for talents in the intelligent era. As a main force of programming learning, young people’s programming ability is based on the hope of the country and the future of the nation. However, compared with some developed countries, the practice and research of Chinese youth programming education is still in its infancy, and a lot of work needs to be done in terms of system integrity, content scientificity and teacher matching. At present, the urgent task of China’s youth programming education is a relatively standardized curriculum standards to guide the teaching practice of programming education inside and outside the school. Based on the analysis of Computing Programmes of Study National Curriculum in England(2013), the US K-12 Computer Science Framework(2016), and the National High School Information Technology Curriculum Standards in China(2017), this study also combines the practice and research of major domestic youth programming education institutions, and explores the core contents of China’s youth programming education curriculum standards, including basic concepts, theoretical foundations, core curriculum literacy, curriculum objectives and specific contents recommendations, focusing on the specific objectives of the four learning stages: entry level, beginner level, intermediate level and advanced level, and the matching content and case demonstrations, In the final part, the study put forward some suggestions for the development and implementation of the programming education curriculum. The authors hope that the study could better guide the research and practice in the field of programming education for young people through the study of curriculum standards.