微细铣削不锈钢微型薄壁试验研究

Experimental Study on Micromilling of Miniature Thin Walls Made of Stainless Steel

针对不锈钢微型薄壁的尺寸精度与表面质量,基于正交试验方法,文章通过微细铣削参数与工艺的试验研究,分析出3个关键铣削参数(每齿进给量f z、径向切深a e、轴向切深a p)对切削力、薄壁尺寸误差以及表面粗糙度的影响主次,识别出获得较好薄壁尺寸精度与表面质量的最优参数组合。研究结果表明,微细铣削不锈钢材料时,切削力所引起微细刀具的退刀量使薄壁的实际尺寸增大,适当多次下刀可以使薄壁尺寸减小,即重复定位对尺寸误差的影响可以抵消一部分刀具退刀量对尺寸误差的影响。这对加工不锈钢薄壁零件的参数选择以及后续微细铣削薄壁研究有实际的参考价值。

Aiming at the dimensional precision and surface quality of miniature thin walls made of stainless steel, this paper has conducted the experimental study on micromilling parameters and process based on orthogonal experiment method. The sequence of the influence that three key milling parameters (feed engagement f z , radial depth of cut a e and axial depth of cut a p ) on cutting force, dimensional error and surface roughness has been analyzed. The optimal parameters combination which can obtain thin walls of better dimensional error and surface quality has been identified. The results show that, the actual size of the thin wall is increased by the amount of cutter retreat caused by milling force when micromilling stainless steel. And the appropriate multiple feed times can reduce the size of the thin wall. It shows that the effect of repeated positioning on the dimensional error can offset part of the cutter retreat. The results have practical reference value for the parameter selection of machining stainless steel thin wall parts and the following study of micromilling thin walls.