高速动车组齿轮传动系统振动特性

Dynamics of Gear Transmission System of High-speed Vehicle

齿轮传动系统是高速动车组传递动力的关键结构,对车辆运行安全性和结构振动及其受载特性有重要影响,研究高速列车传动系统的动力学性能对提升高速动车组技术、提高车辆系统稳定性和安全性等具有重要意义。采用有限元法、自由度缩减理论以及多体动力学理论,建立了包含齿轮传动系统振动的国内某型高速动车组刚柔耦合系统动力学模型。模型中,车体和轮对处理为刚体,构架和齿轮副处理为弹性体。在验证模型齿轮副啮合特性基础上,研究了多种工况下传动系统的动力学性能及其与车辆系统主要部件之间的动态相互作用,获得了传动系统载荷及其对车辆系统主要部件振动的影响特性。结果表明,轨道激扰和车辆运行速度对传动系统振动有明显影响,传动系统振动对构架、齿轮箱以及电动机振动等有一定的影响。建立的高速车辆-传动系统耦合振动模型,突破了传统轨道车辆动力学模型模式,对深入研究高速动车组传动系统振动特性具有重要作用。

The gear transmission system of the railway vehicle is the key part to transmit power for the Electric Multiple Unit(EMU). Its dynamic vibration affect the operation safety and the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle. It is necessary to study the dynamic characteristics of transmission system of the high-speed EMU to obtain the forces and accelerations of the gears. Based on the parameters of a certain type of CRH, a rigid-flexible coupling dynamics model of railway vehicle is established. A flexible transmission system dynamics model is setup and it is included in the vehicle system dynamics model. With numerical method, the dynamics of the transmission system is obtained. The simulation results show that the forces acted on the gears get larger when the operation speed of the vehicle increases. The vibration of the transmission system affect the vibrations of the bogie frame, motor and gearbox, but has hardly effects on the vibration of the carbody because of the secondary suspension system and the huge mass of the carbody. The new railway vehicle-gear transmission coupling dynamics model is useful to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the gear transmission system of the high-speed train.